Question for anyone clued up on self employment and taxes

As to the OP. This is what I'd do. Decide what percentage is for business / personal (you can only guess) and claim just for the business percentage. If you've been honest with yourself you'd have no problem justifying it.

Later you can either keep the laptop in the business, or if you sell it, declare the business percentage of the sale as income to go through your books. Any new equipment (laptop or otherwise) I would treat the same. I'm sure there's no rule which says you can only buy one laptop a year.

I'm no accountant but that's what I'd do.
 
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Whoa! And he doesn't know about straight line depreciation on assets? Holy cow batman ... thats amazing :/


http://www.ir35calc.co.uk/assets_depreciation_company_accounts.aspx

http://www.taxationweb.co.uk/forum/depreciation-rates-t15289.html

The depreciation allowance for TAX PURPOSES, though, is different is it not?

Remember, the OP isn't a limited company, he is self employed as a sole trader.

Your second link even explains why you cannot simply use accounting methods of depreciating for tax purposes
 
From my very simple understanding of it you can claim for whatever you like, personal holidays the lot but if they think there's something untoward going on they will go over your life with a fine tooth comb unless you can prove what you claimed for was an expense that was 100% down to the business.
That's why some accountants are rather creative :p

EXACTLY RIGHT. You can claim that you need £250 sunglasses as a company expenditure if you want .. er .. because 'the sun shines in through the office window'.

It's then up to a human being at the IR whether they think the claim souds reasonable or not ...

The difficulty is that it's not a formulaic decision. You won't definately get audited or not audited depending on certain claims. I claimed for my lounge's widescreen tv, for 'client demos of software' - and never got audited for example :)
 
Don't listen to vonhelmet he's wrong. Ask any accountant - you CAN claim the full cost even if you part time use it for gaming. The fact you use it partly for gaming is 100% IRRELEVENT as long as its majority used for business as far as your tax is concerned. Otherwise anyone that, say, used any purely company laptop to email their wife at lunchtime, or put a background of a picture of their daughter on the thing -- would be committing tax fraud!!!!! :) Vonhelmet - ask your accountant - computers are different from other goods because of the government madly trying to persuade the UK to become tech savvy basically ...!

I'm sorry, but you're still wrong. He is self employed, and for income tax purposes all expenditure must be pro-rated if there is an element of private use. Now, the revenue will exercise some discretion here, so you're right - the odd email here and there won't matter too much - but once you're talking about even 10% of use being non-business then it should be apportioned.

If he were operating as a limited company, then things would be different, as there is no such concept of private use apportionment. However, even then, if a company were to deduct the cost of a laptop for, say, one of it's directors, then this would almost certainly be treated as a dividend in specie, added back in the tax computation and taxed, and then taxed as dividend income on the director.

The government's push for tech-savviness is also largely irrelevant at this time, as they've long since axed things like the home computing initiative and the first year allowances for computer equipment.

britboy4321 said:
And of course you CAN sell it to yourself for £1 after 3 years as computer depreciation is set at a fixed 33% a year (used to be 100% per year depreciation allowed! the good old days!). Not sure where von got the idea that every laptop on the market is going to be somehow separately valued by the IR, every single year, to ensure businesses are selling them to private individuals for enough money!!! I mean - what?

No, you can't do what you're saying. You can depreciate it as much as you like, yes, though for tax purposes that depreciation is added back and you claim capital allowances instead. At present, it works out the same, thanks to the 100% annual investment allowance, but that's just a happy coincidence. As for selling it to yourself for £1... wrong. This next bit is true even for a company, so pay attention. If you dispose of a fixed asset by way of anything other than a bargain at arm's length (that is - a sale at open market value) then the proceeds introduced in the capital allowances computation are the open market value. You are expected to make a reasonable estimate of this (self assessment y0), and if the revenue do not believe your estimate to be reasonable then they will challenge it.

If you want to know where I got that idea, then it's s61 CAA 2001.

If this weren't the case, then any self employed Joe could buy a laptop "for business", immediately depreciate it by 100%, and then sell it to himself for £1 and claim the deduction via his self employed business.

britboy4321 said:
There is indeed no way the revenue would entertain a claim for shampoo, the claim can still be made though - exactly as I said.

OK, so you got one thing right.

IIRC, Vonhelmet is a CTA...

Correct. I've thus far resisted the tempation to willy wave by scanning in my membership certificate.

Back on topic, for the OP... I've thought about this a touch more and I reckon you could claim the cost of both laptops less the market value of the first laptop at the point at which you bring it out of the business. So, for laptop 1 costing £290, with market value £200 when transferred out, and laptop 2 costing £1,000, you'll claim £1,000 + £290 - £200 = £1,090. This is through a combination of the annual investment allowance and the small pools allowance. I'll check it tomorrow and draw up a quick spreadsheet to show the workings.

/definitely no advice and no engagement here, oh no!
 
EXACTLY RIGHT. You can claim that you need £250 sunglasses as a company expenditure if you want .. er .. because 'the sun shines in through the office window'.

If they're only used at work, sure.

britboy4321 said:
It's then up to a human being at the IR whether they think the claim souds reasonable or not ...

Yep.

britboy4321 said:
The difficulty is that it's not a formulaic decision. You won't definately get audited or not audited depending on certain claims. I claimed for my lounge's widescreen tv, for 'client demos of software' - and never got audited for example :)

Yeah, it is not quite an exact science. As for your TV... it all depends on the nature of your business, whether you're employed or self employed, what else it's used for... I wouldn't claim to make a judgement without a lot more info than what you've given.
 
Whilst we are in a thread about tax, von, how does it work with cars and sole traders?

My understanding is that if its a new car with emissions between 130 and 160g/km you can have a 20% WDA per year with no cap. So if a sole trader was to purchase a £30k car, he could claim £6600 tax relief in the first year, right?

That was the answer I came up with to a question of 'If somebody is a sole trader and wishes to buy a £30k car, would it be better for them to do it through the business and use it to reduce tax liability, or simply purchase it privately'.
 
From my very simple understanding of it you can claim for whatever you like, personal holidays the lot but if they think there's something untoward going on they will go over your life with a fine tooth comb unless you can prove what you claimed for was an expense that was 100% down to the business.

Whoa, is this true? I'm about to go on holiday, but I never would have though a personal holiday could be tax deductable?? Do you know where I could confirm this?
 
Whoa, is this true? I'm about to go on holiday, but I never would have though a personal holiday could be tax deductable?? Do you know where I could confirm this?

That was my point, it isn't but you're more than welcome to try and claim for it if you want to, just expect a visit from the lovely people at HMRC
 
Whoa, is this true? I'm about to go on holiday, but I never would have though a personal holiday could be tax deductable?? Do you know where I could confirm this?

He means there is nothing to stop you putting it on the tax return. Whether its accepted or not is an entirely different matter.
 
[TW]Fox;18559448 said:
Whilst we are in a thread about tax, von, how does it work with cars and sole traders?

My understanding is that if its a new car with emissions between 130 and 160g/km you can have a 20% WDA per year with no cap. So if a sole trader was to purchase a £30k car, he could claim £6600 tax relief in the first year, right?

That was the answer I came up with to a question of 'If somebody is a sole trader and wishes to buy a £30k car, would it be better for them to do it through the business and use it to reduce tax liability, or simply purchase it privately'.

I forget exactly what the current thresholds are, and this stuff is constantly changing, but I'm pretty sure the current lower limit is 110g/km and the upper limit is definitely 160g/km. Below 110g/km you can get a 100% deduction. Between 110g/km and 160g/km you get a 20% deduction per year on a reducing balance basis. Above 160g/km you get a 10% deduction per year on a reducing balance basis. Note that it's expected that from April 2012 that 20% and 10% will drop to 18% and 8% respectively. So, on a £30k car with emissions of 130g/km you'd get a deduction of 20% per year i.e. £6k in year 1, £4.8k in year 2, etc, obviously accounting for any variations in the main capital allowances rate.

You asked about new cars - the same will apply to second hand cars that are new to the trader, though there is some variation if the car was registered before a certain date, some time in 2002, I think, as before that date cars weren't assessed for emissions in the same way, or something, so they get treated differently. That's likely a fairly fringe point, though.
 
Can you all explain how you're declaring the specifics of items (holiday / shampoo / lounge TV) etc and therefore how the taxman is or isn't judging the merit of the claims?

As I mentioned my tax return gives no option to list specifics, just a box to enter a figure.
 
[TW]Fox;18559502 said:
He means there is nothing to stop you putting it on the tax return. Whether its accepted or not is an entirely different matter.

And just to cut to the chase, it will of course not be accepted. The costs will be regarded as drawings from the business as there is no trade purpose.

Of course, if there is a trade element arising as part of your holiday, then you can get into some really fun arguments with HMRC, particularly as to whether the trading bit is anciliary to your trip, or an integral part of it.
 
Can you all explain how you're declaring the specifics of items (holiday / shampoo / lounge TV) etc and therefore how the taxman is or isn't judging the merit of the claims?

As I mentioned my tax return gives no option to list specifics, just a box to enter a figure.

You should be providing accounts with your return, surely?
 
Nope, never been asked to do so. Never had any subsequent request for any details at all.

I've not worked personal tax for a while, so I could be wrong. I know you provide a tax computation, but I don't recall what the rules are on accounts. Maybe you just have to be able to provide records if requested, like if you're enquired into.
 
I forget exactly what the current thresholds are, and this stuff is constantly changing, but I'm pretty sure the current lower limit is 110g/km and the upper limit is definitely 160g/km. Below 110g/km you can get a 100% deduction. Between 110g/km and 160g/km you get a 20% deduction per year on a reducing balance basis. Above 160g/km you get a 10% deduction per year on a reducing balance basis. Note that it's expected that from April 2012 that 20% and 10% will drop to 18% and 8% respectively. So, on a £30k car with emissions of 130g/km you'd get a deduction of 20% per year i.e. £6k in year 1, £4.8k in year 2, etc, obviously accounting for any variations in the main capital allowances rate.

You asked about new cars - the same will apply to second hand cars that are new to the trader, though there is some variation if the car was registered before a certain date, some time in 2002, I think, as before that date cars weren't assessed for emissions in the same way, or something, so they get treated differently. That's likely a fairly fringe point, though.

So if you were a sole trader, is it more tax efficient to purchase the car through the business rather than purchasing it privately and then claiming mileage expenses?
 
[TW]Fox;18559635 said:
So if you were a sole trader, is it more tax efficient to purchase the car through the business rather than purchasing it privately and then claiming mileage expenses?

To be honest, there isn't a way to purchase it through the business, as such. Legally speaking there is no line between a sole trader and their business. The technical legal way of putting it is that the business does not have its own separate legal personality. The sole trader business is the same person as the individual who runs the business. As such, the business can't own anything separately from the proprietor, which is in contrast to a company where the company can own things separately from its shareholders. As such, you can't think of it in terms of the business owning the car and the proprietor using it and paying tax on a benefit in kind, or leasing it himself using extra salary, or any of the usual things.

For tax purposes, all you're concerned with is the split between private and business use. You can get a deduction for a proportion related to business cost i.e. you can claim allowances on the relevant percentage of the cost, you can claim the relevant percentage of running costs like MOT and tax, etc. You can then wholly claim costs incurred solely for business i.e. costs for mileage applicable to business journeys, tolls incurred on those journeys, and any other speciic costs like, I don't know, if you needed special insurance for a particular business journey or something.

With that in mind, the issue collapses into your usual car buying issues in terms of financing, manageable costs, etc.

Sorry it's not more exciting or flexible than that!

The one thing I would add is that VAT gets a bit funny here. I'd never profess to be any kind of VAT expert, but I think he deal is that you are limited in how much VAT you can recover on a car that has any element of personal use. I can't give you specifics though. It doesn't make much difference, and it can't really be avoided, but it needs to be considered.
 
I was under the impression things like loan interest could be offset against tax. How does the situation change if the business was to become a limited company and the vehicle was to be a company car with the owner to pay company car tax?
 
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