who actually discovered what we now know as the USA?

Mickie said:
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You have just totally contradicted yourself......and you are wrong.

The South American Native Indians are Eurasian in origin, not African. It is only a matter of which particular migration from Eurasia they descended from.

Afro-Brazilians are almost exclusively descendants of slaves taken by the Portuguese to Brazil from the mid 16th Century onward, pre-Colombian inhabitants of Brazil were not Black, they were ethnically similar to all other American Indians with the expected minor cultural and diversified differences inherited over time and breeding isolation of the various Tribes people.

Native-Brazilans like their MesoAmerican and Native American cousins are not of African ethnicities, but Eurasian.

The indigenous people's of the Americas are all very closely related ethnically having diversified culturally over tens of thousands of years......with the exception of the Inuit and other natives peoples of Alaska.

Scientific evidence links indigenous Americans to Asian peoples, specifically eastern Siberian populations. Indigenous peoples of the Americas have been linked to North Asian populations by linguistic factors, the distribution of blood types, and in genetic composition as reflected by molecular data, such as DNA.
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And Dr Alice Roberts showed how the African Diaspora might have taken place over hundreds of thousands of years, from Africa to Europe through Asia and into the Americas.....she certainly didn't say that the first South American populations were directly attributed to Afro-indigenes....she explained that over the thousands of years Humans diversified both Genetically and Culturally as they migrated, and as I have illustrated in the links above and in a prior post, the Paleo-Indians of the Americas are another diversification of Eurasian peoples who were in turn diversifications of Afro peoples and so on.....

In short all North American, Central American and South American native indigenes are very closely related:

Nearly all of today's Native Americans in North, Central, and South America can trace part of their ancestry to six women whose descendants immigrated around 20,000 years ago, a DNA study suggests.

Those women left a particular DNA legacy that persists to today in about about 95 percent of Native Americans, researchers said.

The finding does not mean that only these six women gave rise to the migrants who crossed into North America from Asia in the initial populating of the continent, said study co-author Ugo Perego.

The women lived between 18,000 and 21,000 years ago, though not necessarily at exactly the same time, he said.

The work was published this week by the journal PLoS One. Perego is from the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation in Salt Lake City and the University of Pavia in Italy.

The work confirms previous indications of the six maternal lineages, he said. But an expert unconnected with the study said the findings left some questions unanswered.


Maternal Lines

Perego and his colleagues traced the history of a particular kind of DNA that represents just a tiny fraction of the human genetic material and reflects only a piece of a person's ancestry.

This DNA is found in the mitochondria, the power plants of cells. Unlike the DNA found in the nucleus, mitochondrial DNA is passed along only by the mother. So it follows a lineage that connects a person to his or her mother, then the mother's mother, and so on.

The researchers created a "family tree" that traces the different mitochondrial DNA lineages found in today's Native Americans. By noting mutations in each branch and applying a formula for how often such mutations arise, they calculated how old each branch was. That indicated when each branch arose in a single woman.

The six "founding mothers" apparently did not live in Asia because the DNA signatures they left behind aren't found there, Perego said. They probably lived in Beringia, the now-submerged land bridge that stretched to North America, he said.

"An OK Number to Start With"

Connie Mulligan of the University of Florida, an anthropolgist who studies the colonization of the Americas but didn't participate in the new work, said it's not surprising to trace the mitochondrial DNA to six women. "It's an OK number to start with right now," but further work may change it slightly, she said.

That finding doesn't answer the bigger questions of where those women lived, or of how many people left Beringia to colonize the Americas, she said Thursday.

The estimate for when the women lived is open to question because it's not clear whether the researchers properly accounted for differing mutation rates in mitochondrial DNA, she said. Further work could change the estimate, "possibly dramatically," she said.
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http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/03/080313-AP-native-amer.html

Also here is an interactive Human Migration Time line to illustrate what we are talking about, pay close attention to the blue M3 migration line, as this Haplogroup is the main one which supports the notion that the majority of North and South American Indians are descended from the same lineage:

https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/atlas.html
 
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Mickie said:
search Brazilian tribe, [5]
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i did and this is what i got

akuntsutribepicture6.jpg


looks more Asian descent.
 
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