I've never used one and I've never had any damaged components.
I can say the same for many many other people I know who've never touched one.
That is why companies like Computacentre spend millions of pounds on creating vast static free rooms for their engineers working on computer equipment prior to despatch/delivery.
Delicate computer components have a degree of redundancy built in. Careless handling is masked by the clever design so you REALLY have to zap something to break it. You will damage it however, and by doing so reduce its life because you've already used up some of the built in failsafe.
Also please note the idea is NOT to earth or ground yourself. The idea is to ensure you hands are at the same potential as the component you are working on. You need to safely touch or be wired up whatever you are working on. There is no point being earthed yourself and working on an unearthed piece of equipment - the first time you touch it (hopefully not a memory chip) there will be a flow of charge and the potentials will equalize. (Static discharge in worse case.
Luckily we live in a miserable warmish damp climate so static problems are nowhere near as bad as they could be. High charges tend to leak away naturally.
At home I work with a large anti static mat on the table and all components are on the mat. There is a strap which plugs into the corner of the mat and runs to a wristband. Optionally I can crocodile clip from the same lead to a large piece of equipment like the compter chassis. Notice nothing is grounded or earthed. Everything is "floating". The point is it is all floating at the SAME potential.
Also don't touch a painted radiator and expect ro be grounded
The OP asked are straps etc REALLY necessary. I suppose the strict answer is NO if you are careful and know what you are doing. Same as car seat-belts, contraception, covers over circular blade blades in the woodwork shop, and so on. But seriously - why take the chance. If you are building a PC and have problems further down the line, it's nice to know you are confident you haven't accidentally introduced hardware problems by careless management of static electricity.