As above, you need a long exposure to get decent images of the night sky. We still don't have the technology to make a camera that's close to as good as the human eye.
In this particular circumstance, it's the same problem you see in built-up areas. In a daylight pass, earth shine will knock out any chance of seeing stars. In a night pass, the payload bay lights will be on, with the same results.
PS - the Hubble deep field took an exposure of 10 days. Extreme example, yes, but a demonstration of just what it can take to get decent imagery.