No, but the banks put themselves in an untennable fiscal position through reckless lending, this meant they had to with draw or charge more for all sorts of other funds lent to the uk economy, this in turn caused the economy to crash which massively reduced the tax take leading to the deficit we have now.
The banks were allowed to do that because the previous government deliberately reduced regulation on them so that they would massively increase lending. It was instrumented by the government. There were also a very large number of people who were greedy and wanted to jump on the bandwagon of BTL and throw money they didn't have on what was essentially a pyramid scheme. So in a nutshell the banks were encouraged to do it, and a lot of Joe Public were quite happy for them to do so at the time.
When it went wrong (which it was obviously going to do), everyone wanted someone to blame and the banks (who I'm not saying were blameless) were the obvious choice.