How is selling them for the same price being charitable exactly?, they make a profit like always, why do they need to manage demand?
What on earth?
Why DONT they need to manage demand for the products they sell? As a business reaching a stock out situation is bad. You want to avoid this.
Your sales for the day will be nil if you have no stock.
You have 14 Widgets. They sell for £10 each and you buy for £5. You normally sell 2 widgets a day and keep 1 weeks stock in hand. This means each week your sales of widgets make a contribution towards fixed costs of £5. Thats right, a contribution towards fixed costs not a profit.
Your fixed costs are £40 a week.
Your total profit per week is therefore £30.
There is a fire at the only Widget factory in the world. You are told there will be no more widgets for an extra week.
You have therefore two choices.
a) Maintain current sales strategy. After the first week you will reach a stock out situation. You have no stock and cannot sell anything. You've made a profit of £30 in Week 1 but in Week 2 you make a loss of £40. You still have fixed costs but you have nothing to sell as Widgets are out of stock.
Over the 2 week period you therefore make a loss of £10.
b) Realise that the lack of supply for Widgits will mean there is more demand than supply. Make the decision to double the price of Widgits. By doubling the price of Widgits, you will sell only half the number of widgits per week as normal as the increased price reduces the demand. You've already paid for the widgits at the old price so your contribution per unit will increase to £15.
So, Week 1:
Sales: 7 widgits @ £20 per widiget = £140
Cost of goods sold: 7 @ £5 = £35
Fixed costs = £40
Week 1 Profit: £65
Not only have you increased profit but you've also ended the week with widgits still in stock.
Week 2 continues as per Week 1 - so another £65 profit.
Therefore by increasing the price of Widgits BEFORE you incur increased costs yourself from the supplier, you:
a) Avoid being out of stock
b) Avoid the loss you'd have made had you maintained the current price and entered a stock out situation.
c) Avoid making a loss
There.
Thats Economics 101 for you. Thats how it works.