A scientific study was done a few years ago which shows that fighter pilots can pick out a frame from 500, and recall it to memory. I don't see any reason why they can do that, over a race car driver, or even a top gamer.
I'd be willing to put money on passing a blind test between 60/120/300 fps, but then I've spend an extreme amount of time gaming in front of a 150hz CRT with 250+ fps.
It'd be harder on an LCD because the technology works differently, but I'm still pretty sure I'd be able to figure it out at those extremes. Now a differece between 250 and 300, I don't think I could (the lack of ever having experienced over 200hz instantly loses any reference points), or a difference between 110-120, maybe not, but 60/120/300 would be easy.