ARM CPUs vs X86 CPUs?

[Pawnless Endgame]

I'm really curious on how the current mobile processors fare in real computing terms when compared with a desktop processor. Granted, ARM processors have a smaller instruction set and run on much lower power, but they have come a long way!

e.g. The original Raspberry Pi had a 700MHz ARM processor, which had a desktop comparison to a Pentium II 300MHz from the late 1990s.

So now, take a Galaxy S4 or a Note 4, and how does that compare in the desktop world? Have we surpassed Pentium 4 yet or are we at more like Pentium D / Core 2 Duo level now?

Then as a more general question, what are you guys using nowadays to benchmark CPUs? In the 1990s, it was all about the megahertz, then mid-2000s introduced hyperthreading, extra cache, more levels of cache, extra cores and 64-bit capability so it all got a bit complicated to "quantify" a CPU. For the last few years, I have used Passmark's web site which displays a table of most of the processors since approx. Pentium 4 for score comparisons.

 

[Pawnless Endgame]

Thanks guys - I was really curious

I totally forgot that Pentium D was 2 P4 cores on separate dies, as opposed to both cores on the same die.

What's TDP by the way? Is that relative to FLOPs / floating point calculations?