In short answer yes
You might also hear the internal fans working faster, more noisily, than usual; your computer will try to cool itself down by venting higher temperatures via the heatsink (a naturally-heat conductive component typically made of aluminium) and the accompanying fans which direct CPU heat through the case.
Computers have a fail-safe which shuts down overheating parts to prevent permanent damage. In some instances, the whole system will shut down and refuse to fully restart until it has sufficiently cooled. Even then, if there is malfunctioning hardware, it might allow you access to files briefly before shutting down again.