Less than a frame. The graphics card is only called if something is changed on a monitor, so if nothing is happening on the second screen, absolutely no power is being wasted on it - apart from the transfer of a few MB of framebuffer for the second monitor to the RAMDAC, when considering the framebuffer can transfer 40-50GB/sec depending on version every second, it means nothing.
I've been running 2-3 monitors for years now, and never had performance issues ever. Even if you've got something animated and moving around on the second monitor, I've still never seen more than a 1fps drop.
BTW, make sure to play Supreme Commander, it supports dual monitors and the result is really good.