I looked into this not so long ago, here's an example of how it works. Sucks to be Sally's friend!
How Inheritance Tax on a gift is paid
Any Inheritance Tax due on gifts is usually paid by the estate, unless you give away more than £325,000 in gifts in the 7 years before your death. Once you’ve given away more than £325,000, anyone who gets a gift from you in those 7 years will have to pay Inheritance Tax on their gift.
Example
Sally died on 1 July 2022. She was not married or in a civil partnership when she died.
She gave 3 gifts in the 9 years before her death:
- £50,000 to her brother 9 years before her death
- £325,000 to her sister 4 years and 2 months before her death
- £100,000 to her friend 3 years before her death
There’s no Inheritance Tax to pay on the £50,000 gift to her brother as it was given more than 7 years before she died.
There’s also no Inheritance Tax to pay on the £325,000 she gave her sister, as this is within the Inheritance Tax threshold.
But her friend must pay Inheritance Tax on her £100,000 gift at a rate of 32%, as it’s above the tax-free threshold and was given 3 years before Sally died. The Inheritance Tax due is £32,000.
Sally’s remaining estate was valued at £400,000, so the estate would pay Inheritance Tax of 40% on £400,000 (£160,000).