IC that I can run Linux on?

[geowal19]

I want a basic CPU IC like electronics ones like this but obviously far more pins.

I want to make something like this:

I want to make a little comp obviously incredibly ambitious but I want to have a go. The reason for this is I want to make something 17's era with all discrete components. Thanks

EDIT: I say Linux but I thought nearly impossible so just some code or summit like DOS with a screen interface too!!

 

[geowal19]

Is there a possibility I could get hold of one and use that instead? Although I wanted to avoid the socket as we know it.