* The Burn Phase
Optimal Cycle: ABspam+
Usage requirements: All cooldowns popped (AP, Mana Gem), Evocation available.
Duration: 15 to 25 seconds (scales up with gear), however long it takes to get from 100% to 40% mana using the optimal cycle.
Explanation: The 'burn' phase is activated when all cooldowns are popped and evocation is available. Use ABspam to burn mana from 100% to ~40% mana.
* The Regen Phase
Optimal Cycle: - none -, use evocation or fight specific mechanic to bring mana back up to 100% as quickly as possible
Usage requirement: Successfully completed burn phase, evocation available.
Duration: 6 seconds
Explanation: This short phase must be used directly after a burn phase to bring your mana back up to near 100%. Arcane mages must strive to keep their mana as high as possible for as long as possible.
* The Conserve Phase
Optimal Cycle: ~variable~, whichever cycle is mana neutral in your gear. A 'mana neutral' cycle is defined as the highest DPS cycle with which you can maintain relatively the same mana % point for some extended period of time. This cycle, naturally, is totally defined by gear and will increase in AB usage as gear increases. e.g. For Cataclysm pre-heroic gear, this cycle was found to be AB2 ABr/AM.
Usage requirement: Whenever you are not 'burning' or 'regenning'.
Duration: as long as it takes for your cooldowns to come back up for another burn phase.
Explanation: This is the core phase for Arcane. Due to this, I will describe how you can optimize this phase in more detail below.