Top tips for your home network

Soldato
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I wondered if with time having passed since some of the great info in the sticky threads on here, it might be worth updating some info with common answers to common problems that the community on here tend to suggest in 2017? These are my own observations which people could add to:


I need a new router, what do you recommend?

It depends on what problem you're trying to solve. Most in here will recommend things from what one might consider the 'prosumer' end of the market, with well respected brands including:
  • Draytek
  • Ubiquiti
  • Mikrotik
However these, while lovely and reliable, are often very feature rich and may be too complicated or overkill for your needs. Asus, Netgear and Billion get some decent praise most of the time at the consumer end of things but check reviews & opinions on specific models. None of them seem to get the universal seal of approval for all their models that the three brands listed earlier get.


What if my problem really is just the wireless side of things in terms of speed and coverage

Then you might not necessarily find replacing the router the most cost effective solution nor will it see the best results.

Avoid range extenders. They halve the throughput and many people have mixed experiences.

Instead think of adding an access point to your existing setup. This is a device that you can locate in a good position that will provide wireless access from somewhere else, perhaps nearer black spots. Generally though they need a wired connection back to the router and power. Power of Ethernet (PoE) as found on some devices mean you can run both through one network cable. Running an ethernet cable is almost always worth the hassle.

Old routers can often be configured to act as extra access points if you don't want to buy one.


I really, really can't run an ethernet cable from my router to somewhere else

There is a technology called Powerline that will let you run your network traffic over your electrical wiring in the house and give you ports wherever you can put a plug.

People have mixed experiences. Generally it is not recommended by anyone here except in exceptional circumstances and even then be prepared for dropouts and speeds absolutely no where near those advertised. Think up to 100x slower than advertised in extreme cases.

If it's not already clear, it really is much better to take the effort and hassle of pulling up carpets or whatever you have to do to run a cable.


I know a bit about networking and I'd like a more robust/expandable/feature-rich setup

Think about separating out the jobs your typical ISP router does. You'll generally want three components:
  1. A device to make the connection to your ISP. For ADSL/VDSL an Openreach modem is easily obtainable second hand from eBay or you can buy new form other manufacturers like Draytek. For Virgin you can configure your ISP provided router to act merely as a modem.
  2. A device to do your routing and firewall. Ubiquiti do a great range of dedicated devices like the ER-X, ER-L and USG as do Draytek and Mikrotik. If you're confident you can make your own router, either physical or virtual, using something like pfSense.
  3. A device to provide your wireless access. Ubiquiti get a lot of well deserved praise on here and offer feature rich devices that lend themselves well to be located in good places.
 
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If your router supports them, VLANs are your friend. You can have one VLAN for yourself, one VLAN for your Internet of Things devices, and another VLAN for guests.

Have multiple wifi networks. One for you, one for guests, and maybe a third for tradesmen.

Limiting bandwidth usage can make your wifi much better. If you limit the bandwidth available to any one device, others will get more. This stops, for instance, junior relatives hogging the bandwidth by watching Youtube.

With regards to running ethernet cables, remember that a cable can be up to 100m long, which allows for a great deal of routing around doors, corridors, etc.
 
Always over spec on the number of ports on your router or switch - you can never have too many.
Forget about 10/100 switches and routers, they're ancient and for pennies more you can get gigabit.

If running or making cables get a network tester that can not only tell you if the cable is working, but which wires are crossed/not working. You can buy them for about £20 with a display that shows the crossed/shorted/unconnected lines, it will save you a lot of time in fault finding (note some network cards and switches can do some of this via their utilities, but a standalone tester is easier/faster).
I bought one last year to replace the basic model I'd been using for 10 years (which I suspect was basically a 4017 chip running power to each connection in turn to light an led), and it's so much better :)

Also if running network cabling, get a cable access kit (about £10), it will make life easier if you have to run the cable out of sight, or through cavities.
Magnets can also be useful for running cabling in the void between the ceiling of one room, and the floor of the one above, if you know what direction the joists run you can use a pair of neodymium magnets to pull some string (a ring magnet or washer on the string, one in your hand from the underside of the ceiling), once the string is through to where you want the cable, you can use it to pull the cable. That little trick let me run a cable to a location that I'd been trying to get one to for years but space was too tight to allow for the cable rods.
 
recently built my house and ran all the cabling at first fix. a few tips. if you think you need a single or double network point - double it. i ran 4 to all TV points and where i would have only ran 1 i put in doubles. Everything has network connection these days and i prefer for them to have a wired connection over wireless anyday.

Run CAT6 cable. yes its thicker but its only a few pence more than cat5e and much better quality and will be better in the future esspecially with 4k content.
Like other have said a good cable tester will save you time and preserve your insanity - helps if it has a tracer.
good quality patch panels if running CAT6 make sure you get a CAT6 panel.
I can highly recommend the Ubiquiti Unifi products, the USG (router), switch and APs all work well together and make VLANing, firewalls and everything else simple and easy to setup and maintain.
 
You're starting to see consumer gear that uses its own dedicated signal for running wireless extenders, like the Netgear Orbi or Linsys Velop.

Not sure as good as dedicated AP's but when you only need two (the 3rd one seems to be a problem with these as the dedicated channel only works between two devices) it can work well.

I'm also an advocate of Ethernet and AP's though! :)
 
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