You've identified the first requirement - have your camera with you.
Inspiration - now that is the difficult part. I think we all go through phases where we think, agh what can I take a photograph of?
Some ideas
1) Project 365 - one shot a day - difficult for some to keep up. Some people burn themselves out on this one.
2) Project 52 - one shot a week - a little easier than the above but still can fall behind.
3) Pick a well known landmark in your area and photograph it, but don't take the usual touristy shot, document the construction / details / shadows etc.
4) Photowalk - There is an excellent post on these forums called the Stratford Road Project. Pick a Street and walk down it taking pictures of things you encounter / people you see, have a chat with them. If they've got an email address offer to email their picture to them.
5) Strangers. Normally entitled 100 Strangers but you can do any number you like - a bit like a photowalk, everyone has a story.
6) Take a load of paper and write down different colours. Put them into a bucket and pull out a slip of paper. Whatever colour comes out you have to photograph things of that colour for a week.
7) Enter the Monthly Overclocks Photograph competition.
8) Alphabet. Take a shot that has something to do with each letter of the Alphabet
9) Shutter speed - take shots at different speeds
10) Aperture - take shots at different Apertures
11) Mono - Black and white objects.
Lots of different ideas out there, but as Permabanned says, better to take good photographs rather than lots of them.