I don't know about your parents, but mine taught me to read before i went to school...
Exams are not getting easier. There is no reason to even believe that. Most people with that opinion have either heard it from somebody else or looked at one or two exam questions and thought 'hey, i could do that' without any understanding of what the marks are for. And probably people who did most of their exams open book.
It's funny, i don't remember mentioning YOUR parents, by thanks for bringing mine up.
Do you think all the illiterate kids in the education system currently were, A/ taught to read, write and do pretty simple maths by their parents or B/ are part of the current rapidily expanding generation of kids left by crap parents to be taught by schools who are failing miserably?
The system is being made easier so "no kid is left behind", when you consistently set the bar so the worst kids, who aren't taught a thing by their parents and act out at school, can pass... you're taking something away from every other student and this has been happening for 20 years.
As for exam papers, there are simply subjects on old gcse maths/science papers that are now there on a-level papers, or later, etc, etc. There are many bits that are still taught in the same bracket, and will be found on old and new papers and as with anything else, some years a paper is particularly easy and other years a paper is stupidly hard.
We used to be taught more in most subjects, but not tested on everything we learned.
A history subject could today, be identical give or take to a paper 30 years ago but the difference being a student 30 years ago was taught a far broader range of topics within the course, and could have answered and passed other papers with entirely different questions while a student today might get an exam paper on the same subjects and have never of read about the period ever before.
ultimately exams are still generally speaking 1.5-3 hours and you can only test a certain amount in that time. Some people will have better knowledge in some area's and therefore find some papers extremely easy and others extremely hard.
There is the simple fact that, on a world scale just about everyone else in the world see's the UK moving backwards and says the average graduate isn't both, anywhere near as good as they used to be and, no where near as highly regarded, this isn't because our education system is improving.