why are front brake calipers on differant ends on front or rear wheel drive cars?

Usually due to the steering rack so the calipers are around the disc away from the tie rod end connection to the knuckle.

Transverse engines are usually FWD so you can sit the rack behind the drivedhafts and diff exit.
 
I've asked this of a mechanic mate whos over right now and hes told me things such as cooling, weight distribution and the caliper usually being on whatever side of the hub the steering rack isn't, which depends on the cars drivetrain.
 
There doesn't appear to be a "better" place to have the caliper, as already said just place them wherever is easiest depending on the room available around the hub.

By the way most F1 cars calipers are at the front of the hub but much lower down than the standard 9 o'clock position we're used to seeing. Apparently its all for keeping the center of mavity lower.
 
Yeah, as above fwd means rack can be mounted on the bulkhead or rear of the subframe so nearer to the steering column, meaning less link shafts, so calipers are mounted at the front. The in-line engine means the gearbox is behind the engine so no-where to fit the rack except under the engine or towards the front, meaning the caliper has to go to the rear.
 
Yeah, as above fwd means rack can be mounted on the bulkhead or rear of the subframe so nearer to the steering column, meaning less link shafts, so calipers are mounted at the front. The in-line engine means the gearbox is behind the engine so no-where to fit the rack except under the engine or towards the front, meaning the caliper has to go to the rear.

You will struggle if you start having more than 2 UJs in an intermediate steering shaft ;)

In a north-south / longitudinal getting the rack to the front is preferred as you can lower the engine. Most cars of that type have a V8 or V6 somewhere in the lineup and usually decent multilingual with upper wishbones... Ie. no space to get a column past between enginge and body : so this is where you have a rear mounted rack ( rear of wheel centre) and profile the sump for clearance.
 
My engine is longitudinally mounted yet my car is FWD, rack is mounted above the gearbox and to the bulkhead, calipers are in front of the discs.
 
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