Cycling is great for the VMO.
Why do you need to strengthen it?
VMO is Vastus Medialis Obliques.
Either way, both play a major role in stablising the knee. It's usually the go to prescription of PFPS or ITBFS, and definately present in a diagnosis of valgus knees.
Single leg work, with good alignment, is very very effective. Single Leg Presses, bench stepups, stepovers. Make sure the centre of the knee is in line with the second toe.
To further add to this, you're going to be wanting to do primarily (if not solely) HIIT training rather than aiming for distances or times.
Compare Cavendish and Wiggins for instance:
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Both do the same rides for the same team, but Cav is short bursts of power and Wiggins is endurance. You can see the difference in their muscles even in that shot.