So the main thing that will impact on motor insurance pricing at the moment is the change in the Ogden discount rate in March. When insurers settle large injury claims, they are almost always a lump-sum payment, to cover cost of care and loss of earnings over the rest of the injured party's life. This affects large claims generally (the ones you
really want insurance for) - whiplash and the like will be different. In order to come to the settlement, a government-set collection of actuarial tables are used, covering the IP's age, career, dependencies and so on. Basically, the estimated cost of care etc is calculated per year, and the discount rate applied. Sum the total and you've got the lump sum. This was lower than the total because the IP is receiving the full amount on day one, so it's assumed the money will be invested (in Government bonds - the "safest" form of investment), hence for each additional year, the discount rate is applied. Since 2001, this has been 2.5%, and on the 22nd March 2017 this was changed to -0.75%. An example best illustrates the difference:
This is purely hypothetical, I don't work in claims. Take an injured party, a 25 year old earning £30k per year. They have serious injuries, and it is anticipated that the total cost of loss of earnings and care is £40k/year at today's prices, lasting for 45 years.
Code:
Year | 2.5% discount rate | -0.75% discount rate |
1 | £40,000 | £40,000 |
2 | £39,000 | £40,300 |
3 | £38,025 | £40,602 |
.......| ........| ........|
44 | £13,467 | £55,157 |
45 | £13,130 | £55,570 |
The totals? Prior to the 22nd March, this hypothetical claim would have been settled with a lump sum of £1.09m, and after, £2.13m.
As the change to the discount rate affects claims whether they're made before or after the 22nd March, this means a significant number of existing claims (which were priced for at the old discount rate) will settle for a significant amount more than expected (or reserved for). This is why there's a double-hit on this occasion, there's the increased cost going forward, but also existing.
Younger drivers will be hit harder as cost of claims for young drivers tends to be higher (due to the injured parties involved being younger and therefore needing more care) for these kinds of injuries.
Most insurers have now posted revised 2016 earnings with combined operating ratios (basically the ratio of claims paid, costs experienced etc vs premium collected) well over 100%, and this is across all lines of business (this change only affects injury liabilities), not just motor.
Expect prices to start to settle once again, but it'll take a while to shake this change through the market before it corrects again.