I have looked into this subject a lot and it is one shrouded in mis-information, emotion and confusion.
On the one hand, the artists say: "Its not fair, the record company takes all of our cd earnings", but on the other hand, the record company has to put up lots of money before the band have even made anything! Think about how much it would cost to 'keep' the band (food, rent, etc), as well as pay for travel, rehearsal rooms, recordings, producers, roadie crew, hotels, etc, etc, etc - that is a lot of dosh, and the band have even made a dime for the record company! And they dont even know if they will be successful, its all speculation.
I have known bands that have gotten deals, and blown their advances on drugs, drink, not rehearsing, are generally crap and not talented, and then they complain and the record company! Wake up mate! You were crap, no one liked seeing you live, your songs were boring and poorly written - why should you be given success just because the record company took a gamble with you and lost?
Artists need to understand that they have to earn their success, and that doesnt even start until the deal is signed and the record is out and they are touring - no one even cares about before that! They are not guaranteed success just cos they got a deal, if anything thats when the real hard work starts. You have to edicate yourself utterly to getting out there and making a name as a good band. Think about all the bands that are out there - 90% are crap and will not write any decent, memorable music in their lives. The record companied still have to sign them though, as they cant always find the special bands with real potential but still have to sell cds. They are a business, not a charity.
Record companies have a bad rep in this area, yes, and they are ruthless. But they are not usually stupid. If you really are a great band with lots of great songs and ooze energy and exitement then there is no reason why you cannot be successfull, the record company will certainly not stop you as they will benefit!
Final words - remember most of these stories you here are from failed bands or their friends who blame the RC for not promoting them enough, messing with their sound, blah blah blah, etc. The simple truth is people did not want to hear their music or watch them live, and they cant accept that so they blame the nasty record company. Of course, like there is this conspiracy in the music industry to stiffle decent music and only sell crap. Riiiiiggggghhhhtt.