Health concerns
The neutrality of this section is disputed.
Please see the discussion on the talk page.
This section has been tagged since December 2007.
The sale of Red Bull is prohibited in some countries, usually due to its taurine content or its alleged high level of caffeine. However, many countries which formerly banned Red Bull (and similar energy drinks) have revised their legislation to allow drinks containing taurine or higher amounts of caffeine, including Switzerland (1994) and Finland (2005). As of 2007, Red Bull remains prohibited as a soft drink in Norway, France, Uruguay, Denmark and Iceland, but is now allowed in Canada.
Red Bull is subject to numerous claims of adverse health effects, most of which are urban legends.[citation needed] In 2001, the drink was investigated by the Swedish National Food Administration after being linked to the deaths of three consumers, and was completely cleared.[citation needed] It has been subject to a number of other health concerns regarding glucuronolactone, a precursor of taurine. Glucuronolactone is a naturally occurring chemical compound produced by the metabolism of glucose in the human liver. It has received some notoriety due to urban legends that it was a Vietnam War-era drug manufactured by the American government.[citation needed] The rumor goes on to say that it was banned due to several brain tumor-related deaths.[citation needed] The rumor has since been proven false, as neither the cited British Medical Journal article nor the "banning of its consumption" ever occurred. Due to the link with taurine, only energy drinks without taurine are sold in France, but infant formula sold there (and worldwide) is commonly supplemented with taurine.[citation needed] Furthermore, no warnings appear on the Food and Drug Administration website regarding its potential to cause brain tumors or other maladies[1]
A common concern regarding the beverage is its supposedly high caffeine level. Proponents of the beverage counter critics by stating that a serving has roughly the same amount of caffeine as that found in a cup of coffee. [2]
In 2007, a study conducted by American researchers concluded that Red Bull, along with other popular energy drinks, could boost both blood pressure and heart rates, prompting them to warn those with heart disease to avoid the drinks due to the possibility it could reduce the effectiveness of their medications. The increases, however, did not cause dangerous levels in healthy people. The various measures of heart rate all rose between 5-10 percent during the 1 week trial. Key similarities between Red Bull and the other energy drinks named make the study relevant to the ongoing discussion of Red Bull. [3]