dirtydog said:
It doesn't force him to do anything as far as I can see, apart from pay a bit in taxes on his windfall - far less incidentally than he would pay in income taxes if he earned the same sum by working for it
He would still be left enough to purchase a smaller property in the same area, to live in himself. The subject is moot because on his own he most probably wouldn't be able to afford to live in the house anyway.
It forces him to move from his family home, perhaps the home he was born into and has lived all his life, if he can't raise a substantial sum to pay the tax.
Bear in mind that he may get very little in cash, but a BIG tax bill. It's very possible the only way to pay it is to move.
And if you're in an area where property prices are high, an expensive house is certainly not a big or fancy one. As I said earlier, a 3-bed semi with a loft conversion could be a £500,000 house. So it's not beyond possibility an 18-year old could run it, especially if Mum and Dad had paid off the mortgage, as could well be the case. All that would be left are standard living bills, many of which he would still have to pay if he rented. I don't see why you think he couldn't afford to run the place. We aren't talking about a mansion or a country estate here.
As for the comparison with income taxes, well, it's not like for like. Why not look at CGT instead. After all, if his parents bought the place in, say, 1965, they probably paid £5000 for it. It has increased from £5000 to £500,000 and if
they had sold it, they wouldn't pay a penny in CGT. So if they were planning ahead, they'd have sold and enjoyed the money by, perhaps, spending it on travelling and the government then wouldn't necessarily have seen any tax revenue from it at all. But, because the parents decide to give their kids a start in life and remove the stresses that they went through, why should the government get a large chunk of it? What that amounts to is taxing people for being prudent.
Incidentally, a bit of careful tax planning would avoid that 18-year old paying any tax anyway. If the parents arranged for their interest in the house to be severed from each other (so that they each own 50%, rather than having a joint interest in 100%), then each parent's estate is disposed off according to their individual wills. So if Dad dies, his share wouldn't automatically go to his wife, as there is no longer joint ownership. His estate would then be subject to the £275,000 threshold, and would fall under it, so no IHT is due. When she goes, her estate now only includes half the value of the house, which also falls under £275,000 and also therefore attracts no IHT. The wills then need to ensure that a condition of the bequest if lifetime tenancy for the surviving partner. Son would then have the entire house, and no IHT bill.
So the government only get their £90k tax revenue if house prices have risen far faster than IHT thresholds, AND the parents don't have some very simple tax (and legal) advice. Or, of course, they sell up and shift their money,
and residency status, abroad. This used to be a strategy restricted to the rich, but it no longer is and this ludicrous IHT situation provides a fairly strong additional motivation.