To answer your question.
If your so paranoid about the full format thing. Download "Gparted" Burn the .iso to a disc. Boot from the disc (you can also use universal usb installer and boot off the usb like you have been doing) You will then see your hard drive there and you can format it anyway you like. It's a lot more stable and versatile than Windows built in commands.
If you then want to check for errors or check the health status of the disc. Run your manufacturers diagnostics utility on it. If it passes, stop freaking out and juse use the thing. Seatools for dos is really good (even if you dont have a seagate).
Now. If you continue to cry about the format C: volume label and want to check for errors using DOS. Well... I vote for you to be banned!