Sounds like a great little project!
I don't think you can do this in realtime. I.e. most cameras via USB interface go into mass storage mode. But I would imagine you can plug the pi, have a udev script to mount to a particular point and trigger a script to do the transfer. You can setup nice feedback via a 1 line LCD mounted on a case for the pi, I.e. connecting, transfer progress... Etc...
Maybe I'm making it sound too easy but I can only see 2 complications. 1) connecting to the wifi network in range, unless you do a BTopenzone via your universal login, this way you can search for ssid pattern, 2) having a power supply/battery to sustain the wifi.
OR
Some dslr's offer a wifi dongle
If you want to go from wifi dslr to wifi pi, this just adds another layer of complication. But as slinxy says you will need to figure out how the wifi on the camera works to setup a wireless ad-hoc net. If its standard then maybe... You can setup ad-hoc from camera, instruct pi to mount a possible remote share on the dslr... Not sure about this one
Good luck.
Sounds like something I would love to follow progress on... Lots of pictures and scripts please