Soldato
Nurofen is expensive because of marketing costs and they want to position it as a premium product. Same way a Ralph Lauren tshirt is expensive, but a Primark one is not.With something like Neurofen I don't think research costs come into it. I think it's expensive because people are overly cautious with their health and assume because it's advertised, the packaging is professional and striking and the capsule is a gelatin like substance containing a liquid solution (as opposed to a standard tablet) it's going to be better.
Considering Ibuprofen was out of patent about 30 years ago, the reason Neurofen is £3 a box is probably just because it's a money spinner for the company who produces it.
The way I thought drug development worked was that a drug with a specific effect is desired. Numerous drugs are developed, produced and trailled. Only one makes the cut (other drugs may be accidently discovered) and a price for the drug is determined based on the cost for development + a mark up.