As everyone has said, it's a skylight filter. It adds a little warmth to the shot by filtering out a little of the Blue light of daylight. It should not have too extreme an effect on Digital as they are not really used to alter film balance, and if you don't like the effect you could just dial in a bit more blue white balance to bring it back in. (if you have a custom WB mode you could get it accurate if you balance with the filter in place - it will have no real effect then).
Many people still use these as a lens protecting filter (in fact I might do so too).