If you are having trouble at stock settings then welcome to what I like to call troubleshooting hell
I'll be honest CPU failure is very very rare, you've been following a guide so you shouldn't have been exceeding the max safe voltage. The most common fault to find with CPUs is when people bend the pins during installation.
I would be more inclined to think it's either the mobo going flaky or maybe the PSU. Your spec is really vague to be honest, you've not even listed what the brand and wattage of your PSU is.
If you have a multimeter you can check the PSUs voltages are within tolerance although it's often just easier to swap in a known good one if you can beg, borrow or steal one. Flaky mobos are harder to diagnose and can cause all kinds of weird symptoms on their way out. I would have done a memtest as soon as you got the rig powering up again to be honest to rule that out too. Ultimate bootcd is worth a download and burning to disk, it's full of diagnostic tools for the RAM, HDDs and stress testing the CPU etc etc.
If you want to upgrade now is the time with the Black friday offer on the intel CPUs but I would strongly advise you make sure it's not your PSU before doing a mobo and CPU upgrade.
YOUR BASKET
1 x
Intel Core i5-4670K 3.40GHz (Haswell) Socket LGA1150 Processor - OEM £167.99
1 x
Gigabyte Z87-D3HP Intel Z87 (Socket 1150) DDR3 ATX Motherboard £109.99
Total : £277.98 (includes shipping : FREE).
This mobo comes with a decent cooler for free so you can overclock the 4670K. The OEM CPU is cheaper but has a shorter warranty and no stock heatsink, not that you need one. It would be nice to know if the 2500K CPU is ok so you could flog it off on the MM to help claw back some cash.
All the best with it bud, I know all too well what a PITA it is.