Current shoes are Nike Free 5.0, which from what I can tell online are about as supportive as my ex-girlfriend...
Not too savvy on things like cadence, I'm capable of holding a conversation as I run so I don't think I'm overexerting myself.
Then try a shoe with more support and plenty of cushioning, moderate heel drop.
For cadence, use the free Strava app on your phone and it will measure it fairly accurately. If the cadence is < 170 then it helps to increase it a little. Some people run with a cadence as low as 150 and that is much more liekly to cause things like shin splints or knee issues.