Software developer contractor

you just said your ltd company turnover was 80k, and that gave you an equivalent net to a permie on about 80k. Surely you're doing something wrong!?

I think the point I was trying to make was, that whilst there are 80k jobs out there, 95% of devs probably earn nowhere near that. Especially if they have just come from a previous role paying 25k.

Lets not forget in my example I hadn't really expensed much. In reality I would be upgrading my computer every year - be it a desktop, laptop or both. I would expense travel and food. This all gets money out of the company whilst reducing my tax liability.
 
As mentioned, it's all to do with percentages.

Before I started contracting I was a perm on 25k a year. Of that, lets say I'd pay 4-5k in tax.

Now if we look at life as a contractor. For the accounting year 2011/2012 my company turnover was about ~80k.

I then also made 2.5k for being on the flat rate VAT scheme (I charge my clients 20%, but only pay 14.5% (13.5% for the first year)

We then deduct expenses for accountancy fee's, computer equipment, travel etc). Much to my regret, I didnt expense much in this year. This totalled £1700.

We can then also deduct my salary, which was 8k.

This left my company with an operating profit of ~73k, less Corportaion tax of 14.5k. So my company profit was about 49k.

As the 100% shareholder of my company, I pay this profit out as a dividend... to me.

The above example doesnt show my VAT returns which I would pay every quarter. This would also have totalled about 12k.

So without taking any of my income tax into account, my company paid 26.5k in taxes during the accounting year of 2011/2012.

I then enjoyed ~55k after tax in my pocket. I guess the equivilant perm salary would be in the region of 80k?

Im on target to make sales in excess of 100k this year



nice!

well done! if u was earning 80k as a perm, they would take off 32k leaving u with 48k compared to 55k .

How much do u give yourself for salary and do u pay tax and NI for that? student loan?
 
I never said it was tax avoidance, I just questioned whether there was a higher tax burden. You guys seems to be saying there is, but that doesn't make sense imo.

Sorry I thought you were trying to be funny saying "expense to the extreme" implying we were taking the mick to reduce the tax burden.

No there isnt a higher tax burden on a Ltd co compared with an umbrella, it is potentially lower or be virtually the same, it all hinges on IR35. If you are captured by IR35 then, the difference between umbrella and Ltd makes next to no difference on your income.

If you are outside of IR35 then you will be better off financially. Currently under an umbrella you pay:

Corporation tax, employers NI, income tax and employees NI

Under Ltd you can pay exactly the same or you can choose to pay yourself a small salary around your tax free threshold and pay yourself dividends. Dividends are taxed differently, up to the higher rate tax threshold, dividends are taxed at 10% BUT on dividends you get a 10% tax credit which makes the tax payable under higher rate tax £0. Once you go over the higher rate tax threshold the tax on divs goes up to 35% but with the 10% credit, you pay 25% or if you have a wife, you can make her a shareholder and use her tax allowance, so both you and your wife could earn approx £43k each and not pay any income tax.

Also due to the small salary, if you pay the right amount you will barely have to pay any NI, you will pay a bit to qualify for the state pension etc. If you also register for flat rate VAT, you get to keep a portion of that VAT you charge the client. So under ltd co you would pay:

VAT, Corporation tax, tiny amount of NI, and income tax above approx £43k or in reality you can juggle the salary to what ever you want so long as you pay the appropriate taxes to compensate.

I hope that makes sense, if not then there is more than enough information on the internet with the relevant calculators etc.
 
nice!

well done! if u was earning 80k as a perm, they would take off 32k leaving u with 48k compared to 55k .

How much do u give yourself for salary and do u pay tax and NI for that? student loan?

My salary is £624 a month which keeps me just below the tax free threshold whilst ensuring I pay the minimum NI contribution. It is done this way so that I can still claim a state pention later in life.
 
There are a number of different types of umbrella depending on what you want to do.

A UK PAYE umbrella will have a scale rate dispensation agreement with HMRC... this means that expenses that you incur as part of undertaking your role can be used to offset your taxable income. i.e. subsistence, petrol, accommodation (in certain circumstances), professional fees etc... they can do this because you are considered a "temporary" employee and you will be employed by them under an over-arching employment contract.

These businesses increase your net take home by effectively decreasing what you pay in NICs / PAYE. For this purpose you will pay them a fee.. typically 5%.

You can get offshore umbrella that you then don't need to pay ERNI on but I wouldn't recommend going down this route.

A UK limited umbrella pretty much does what an accountant would do for you... i.e. they setup a limited company for you and then make sure that you take your income in a tax efficient manor. i.e. normally a salary on the tax threshold and then dividends every three months. They will then undertake all the things that you need to do for a limited company; Payroll, P32, Year Ends, Companies House Updates, Corp Tax, VAT, P11d, CT600, 363 Returns, Accounts, Dividend Vouchers, etc.... Most of these companies will charge somewhere around £130 - £150 / month.

IR35 should probably be assessed on a contract by contract basis.. HMRC have taken on an additional 200 people this year to review "contractors" as they see them as an easy target for additional tax income. There are a number of companies that offer IR35 contract reviews... for the sake of £100 its probably worth going to one of these organisations and getting some piece of mind if you are not sure on the law.
 
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For all those saying it is tax avoidance - I pay way more tax being a contractor (corporation tax, VAT etc) than I ever would being a perm

Most contractors I know essentially are practicing some form of tax avoidance, you'd be silly not to if the options are there to minimise your tax bill legally. Paying yourself a small salary and a large amount in dividends avoids some tax etc...
 
How have people managed the transition from permanent to contracting? Presumably, handed in notice first, waited, then began looking for contracts.
 
Quite a few of the big recruitment agencies will deal with contractors too.

I know for my area just putting some details of my job on linked in has led to plenty of recruiters contacting me randomly for both perm and contract role.

If the field you work in lends itself to contracting you'd also likely know quite a few ex colleagues who are contractors... most of them can put you in touch with an agent (agents will often pay them a fee if they can introduce an ex colleague too).

There is also the option of simply contacting a former client (providing you're not breaching a non-compete agreement). Though I know that at least one client of mine one of the main people who hires contractors also runs his own agency on the side - tis a bit sleazy as he's the hiring manager and is then taking a cut from people he hires.
 
How have people managed the transition from permanent to contracting? Presumably, handed in notice first, waited, then began looking for contracts.

I had a 2 week notice period, and I had a contract agreed to start immediately after I left. I have gone through a recruitment agency once in the last 12 months of business.

Also, I've worked from home solidly for the last 6 months.
 
My salary is £624 a month which keeps me just below the tax free threshold whilst ensuring I pay the minimum NI contribution. It is done this way so that I can still claim a state pention later in life.

I personally could not live off like that especially at the start of my business/contract.

is that the amount u take home with all your tax and NI deducted?

How often do u take out dividents? can u take it out whenever u feel like it or u have to set it up to do so on a specific timeframe?

Most contractors I know essentially are practicing some form of tax avoidance, you'd be silly not to if the options are there to minimise your tax bill legally. Paying yourself a small salary and a large amount in dividends avoids some tax etc...

But when are u allowed to take out dividends?
 
I had a 2 week notice period, and I had a contract agreed to start immediately after I left. I have gone through a recruitment agency once in the last 12 months of business.

Also, I've worked from home solidly for the last 6 months.

You're fortunate that your notice period is 2 weeks. Mine is 2 months which is problematic.
 
I was only there for 6 months before jobs became unstable, so it was an easy decision to make!

I take a dividend each month.
 
ahh ok so u can take it out every month on top of your base salary? nice

You can. Just ensure that you (or your accountant) ensure that you have a dividend voucher for everything you take. It's easiest to keep track if you do that at the same time.
 
You can. Just ensure that you (or your accountant) ensure that you have a dividend voucher for everything you take. It's easiest to keep track if you do that at the same time.

Cool. i am under the impression that i can simply take out a dividend myself from my business account to my own personal account via internet banking or some sort and then note it down or notify my accountant about the transacion?
 
Cool. i am under the impression that i can simply take out a dividend myself from my business account to my own personal account via internet banking or some sort and then note it down or notify my accountant about the transacion?

Yep. You usually give them a statement that you can generate via your online banking, and they can calculate the voucher from there.
 
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