With the right gear it is perfectly possible to hear the difference between analogue interconnects, power cables and supports. If anyone doubts this then I'll be happy to lay on a demonstration.
HDMI cables also exhibit differences when tested. This can be seen in the Eye Diagrams. Cables with better construction have a larger mask margin. However, on short cables this doesn't matter much. As long as the mask margin is just big enough for the signal to pass unscathed then a low quality cable is just as effective as a better made one.
The same is true of timing jitter, cable capacitance and inductance, and intra-pair skew and inter-pair skew which all act to reduce the mask margin and limit the cables bandwidth. 1080p60 doesn't come anywhere near pushing the limits of Category II (High Speed) HDMI cables as long as they are made to spec, so with short cables there's enough leeway to allow for sloppy manufacturing and poor tolerance control without signal constriction becoming a problem.
However, the cable is only one component in the signal chain. The source and sink device have their parts to play too.
Modern electronics devices are rarely over-engineered. "Just good enough" is the common mantra. Well, if the same mantra is applied to HDMI circuits then we start to see bottlenecks in performance. As long as there's still sufficient mask margin in the signal chain then this isn't a problem. But what happen when products age and component start to degrade?
Those of us who are readers here regularly see posts about the capacitors in Samsung and LG TV power supplies. All consumer electronics degrade over time. That's why they eventually fail. The same is true of HDMI circuits, so does it hurt to spend just a couple of quid more than the cheapest on cables for something made better as a little extra insurance?
Oh, and the comparison between USB cables and HDMI cables really doesn't hold water: The data rates involved are hugely different. USB devices buffer data, HDMI devices don't. USB handles bursts of information and is backed up with error correction. HDMI is a continuous data stream without error correction. USB has only a single channel of data to contend with, HDMI has 4, so USB doesn't have inter-pair skew issues to deal with.
The specific comparison is made with USB printing. Well, if your printer could run at the speed of the data firing through a HDMI cable then instead of churning out 1 page every three seconds you'd get 1000 pages.