I'm afraid you won't without buying a sound card. SPDIF (optical/coaxial) is only capable of stereo, unless the audio is encoded with Dolby Digital or DTS. DVD's for eg, have prerecorded DD and/or DTS tracks. Passing those on to be decoded would not be a problem, but majority of games do not use DD or DTS, so a real time 5.1 encoder is needed. Some motherboards have these features, but normally they are only found on the high end boards.
Can your 5.1 speaker system decode both DD and DTS? Some can only do one or the other, if it's a DVD all in one job.