Dystopian elements of Blade Runner environment:
· multicultural street scenes, dominated by East Asian imagery and sense that this is the underclass, the economically less fortunate (everyone who could afford to has moved Offworld): an extension of the “white flight” from urban centers to the suburbs that picked up speed after World War II
· Sense of architectural chaos and disorder: this Los Angeles is not the result of careful urban planning, but instead has seemingly evolved as a mixture of time periods, international influences; vision of an irrational city, as opposed to a clean, sparkling ordered city with wide boulevards, obvious signs of affluence, etc.; here, the streets are labyrinthine and claustrophobic, presumable with the upper classes who’ve remained in the city living like Tyrell, in the upper reaches of high rises while the lower classes live close to the ground (remember the split between the upper and lower classes in the city depicted in Metropolis)—the main design technique used by the film’s creators was referred to as “retrofitting,” in which the city was imagined as consisting of old buildings with add-ons haphazardly slapped onto them, instead of new buildings having been built; it’s a city that has evolved over time, not according to some ordered plan.
· Advertising as a constant background (even to a greater degree than we’re all already used to): building-sized billboards, advertising blimps, etc.—somewhat reminiscent of Times Square or downtown Tokyo
· Pollution and other environmental damage: it’s always dark and raining in L.A. of 2019; no seeming differentiation between night and day, good weather and bad
· Lack of anything organic: no trees in sight, all animals are replicants (real animals are rare and thus expensive, as we see with the Tyrell’s owl, and Zhora’s (the stripper) snake
· No sign of government or any authority (except the local police) exerting any control over this landscape; absence of a sense of the “rule of law”; anarchic; different from visions of oppressive totalitarianism (Big Brother) in 1984 or Brave New World
Social Cultural and Political contexts in the 1980s that are reflected in Blade Runner:
· Fear of growing economic power of Japan, general expansion in Asia: wide media coverage of Japanese buying landmark real estate in New York (ironic considering that by the mid 90s the Japanese economy entered a fairly severe recession which it’s still in)
· Anxiety over globalization, immigration; fears of foreign threats to an “American way of life;” led to notion that mainstream American culture would be lost amidst foreign influence (also ironic considering how much we export our own culture and are accused of cultural imperialism, especially in the digital era
· Fears of social disorder, particularly based in the working classes: that central government would eventually become impotent in exerting control over urban centers
· Still emerging environmental consciousness; in the late 70s and through the1980s, it finally began to hit mainstream culture after still being more of a concern of the progressive fringe through the 60s and early 70s
· Emergence over the past few decades of the mega-city, like Los Angeles or Rio de Janeiro; cities characterized by huge populations and urban sprawl with no sense of centrality, planning or defined borders