That disc has well had it and looking at the wear yes the brake has been stuck on, the inner bit looks like stuck pad material, I bet if you put a wire brush to it most of that would come off, but it looks like there is a big lip at the top, and its not consistent all the way around so maybe warped also? if you spin the wheel whilst looking from behind at the disc you should be able to see if its warped.
Rear discs are cheap for most bikes so shouldn't cost too much to sort out.
Does the piston move easily now it has been cleaned?
Sticking rear calipers are a hilariously common problem on so many bikes simply because they don't get used that much, as someone else said the feel is rubbish

and on many bikes the design is horrible, upside down so all the crud just sticks inside the caliper!