Among immune cells, T lymphocytes perform a principal role in viral infections. The CD4+ T lymphocytes provide help for B cells to produce anti-viral antibody, whereas CD8+ T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells kill virus-infected cells to decrease viral load.
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8 The quantitative and functional disorders of lymphocytes can impair the immune responses against viruses and may lead to the development of immunopathologic responses.
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Lymphopenia as a major immunological abnormality is observed in up to 96.1% of severe COVID-19 patients, and its degrees correlate with disease outcome.