English is used extensively throughout the world, organisations on both/every side of the conflict have backers overseas as well. Unfortunately very little in the way of google street maps in Syria but take any random place in say nearby Lebanon and
https://www.google.co.uk/maps/@34.0...UjiW4vphmZl1vU1THYORN!2e10!3e11!7i5120!8i2560
There are many organisations out there, of native origin not western imports, that function almost entirely in English first including on their uniforms, etc. and native language/Arabic second or side by side.
EDIT: You will also find French used quite extensively as well (some parts more than others). Don't forget that the UK and France were heavily involved in the Middle East/Africa with many parts under their control/mandate through the 19th and parts of the 20th century so a lot of that remains.