(For fairly obvious reasons, this should only cover attacking players - though I suppose it doesn't HAVE to)
That's the problem really. I think the most talented player in the league last season was Fabregas. I think one of the most talented players in the league this year will be David Silva. But neither of them will get the goals Rooney et al get. Silva probably doesn't get half the assists he should either as despite him perhaps not being the second to last person to touch the ball, so many moves are created completely because of him.
I don't really think there is a list either, just tiers like some above have mentioned. Tier 1, the obvious 2. Tier 2 contains players like Rooney, Fabregas, Xavi, personally I would say Silva (but I would, just like you would say Rooney), probably Aguero. An in-form Torres would be in there, Villa, Eto'o, Sneijder. In fact Tier 2 would be full of the very best players from the top 3/4 teams of their respective leagues in a variety of positions. Vidic wouldn't get the plaudits Rooney does, but you wouldn't say he wasn't world class in his position. That's enough for me to put him in Tier 2.
Also worth noting that Dzeko, who everyone on here had completely written off as a flop already, and who has 90 minutes less on the pitch than Rooney has only scored 2 goals less (was 1 ahead before today), and all from open play. He's also been damn near MOTM in every game he's played this season. He's replicating the form he had at Wolfsburg which made him a Ballon D'or nominee, which would probably put him in Tier 2 as well.
You could split it down and down but I don't think you can put players in a list. Eventually you will have equally good players in various positions that can't be separated by a spreadsheet, just how important you think that player is to their team. Just my opinion of course
Edit, sorry, forgot about Bale. He's Tier 2. Tier 3 is everyone else.