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For fitting any ship you need to think about the type of ship and the bonuses it gives out.
As a general rule Gallente is armour tanked and uses hybrid turrets and drones (but there are a few exceptions).
You need to use the correct sized modules for the size of ship your using.
For PVE you need the following things DPS, Tank, Capacitor. Avoid anything else, including fitting modules (modules that increase CPU and power) as you should be selecting more suitable modules for your ship and they have a huge cost of 1 fitting slot.
So back to what I mentioned earlier, Gallente is armour tanked, Thorax has a bonus to Hybrid Turrets and Microwarpdrive.
Low slots you need:
Medium Armour repair (1)
Amour resistance Modules (2) (so you take less damage)
Magnetic field stabalizers (2) They increase Hybrid DPS
So thats tank sorted. So just capacitor and guns to sort out.
Also for Smaller ships (cruiser and below) you want a propulsion module because you need to 'kite' the enemy so they don't overwhelm you. Where as in a Battle Cruiser Or Battleship you can just sit there and take it like a Boss.
For Mid Slots then:
10Mn Afterburner (1) Use it to keep you out of the range of the enemy, but dont forget to turn it off if you don't need it as it drains your capacitor.
Cap recharger (2) These increase the cap recharge.
For High slots:
I would recomend Rail Guns rather than Blasters. Blasters have a very limited range. You want to fit the biggest ones that will fit that are Medium Size.
So either 5x Dual 150mm or 5x 200mm (250mm wont fit I can tell you that now) Also you want to fit Meta level 3/4 depending on price. You also want a range of ammo as they all have different range bonus.
The way the guns work is, as they get bigger they do more DPS but use more power and CPU.
Rig slots:
These are personnel, if you are finding that you run out of capacitor more then fit 'capacitor control circuit'. If you need more tank then you need two different rigs fit 2x 'Auxiliary Nanno Pumps' and 1x Nannobot Accelerator.
If you need both then split them but don't fit the Nannobot Accelerator rig as it increases capacitor usage by reducing the duration of the armour repair so it cycles faster.
If you need neither then fit Hybrid rigs (you can only fit 2 of 3 due limitations) ones that increase base damage and rate of fire.
You also want to make sure your using 5 Medium Drones (use hammerhead) as your ship has 50m3 drone capacity and 50 drone bandwidth. Drones break down into:
Light drones, 5m3 and 5 bandwidth each
Medium drones 10m3 and 10 bandwidth each
Heavy 25m3 and 25 bandwidth each
Don't deploy your drones until the mobs are shooting you or your drones will die.
But as some general advice, for PVE you want to really use a ship that is based around drones rather than turrets for Gallente as they are much more suited for it. Look into the Vexor, Myrmidon and Dominix. If your drone skills are not great, then train them up as they are really useful. The 3 main skills are Drones(+1 drone per level get to 5 ASAP), Scout Drone Operation (increases range 5KM per level) and Drones interfacing (increases damage by 20% per level)
EDIT
I should have said, before you buy anything off the market, you need to plug your skills and ship into Pyfa or EFT, I prefer Pyfa of the two. This allows you to see how the modules fit on your ship and you can see if you need any skills.
[url]http://www.evefit.org/[/url]
You can also browse fittings here (although read the comments as some fittings are just so bad).
[url]http://eve.battleclinic.com/browse_loadouts.php[/url]