1: Are the products like the UAP-AC-LR just basically a glorified wireless transmitter to replace routers with bad wireless? Surely there is a router with built in wifi that beats this or atleast equal?
There is nothing glorified about it. It’s just a wireless transceiver that is designed to be placed in big offices where one router wouldn’t reach. There is no magic in these things. They will usually not outperform a normal home router if you put it in the same place. What makes them special is that you can have lots of them and they all work together like your router did actually cover the whole house.
The other thing that is special is you can’t log into them, you have to communicate with them through the UniFi controller software. You only need this to get them up and running but a lot of people leave it running 24/7 on a Raspberry pi or UniFi Cloud Key. That lets you collect some data about what your users are doing. You can also securely log into it from anywhere and control your network as if you were there.
If you look at the screenshot in post 4913 in this thread you can see what the interface looks like. I have the UniFi Security Gateway, the UniFi PoE switch and another UniFi switch and 4 access points. Two that cover the inside of my home and one each for the front of the garage and the back garden.
And yes, there is a router with built-in WLAN that does this. It’s called the UniFi Dream Machine.
2: Is this a flow chart that would be commonly used or am I completely wrong? Phone line > Some Openreach modem > EdgeRouter X? > UAP-AC-LR
Yes, but I would swap the EdgeRouter X for a UniFi Security Gateway. It’s easier to set up and it’s integrated with the UniFi controller so any changes you make just ripple through all the devices.
3: How do you actually power these? I read stuff about injectors or something so I basically have to run an ethernet cable into an injector and another ethernet cable into the actual device? Is there no just wall socket power supplies you can get?
You can power them off a PoE switch like I do (the cheapest one is the UniFi Switch US-8-60W although any 802.11af switch will do or you can use the PoE injector in the box. And that is the same as a wall socket power supply.
One challenge you definitely should be aware of is that if you don’t intend to ceiling mount an AP-AC-LR it might give you really awful wireless coverage. And I do mean shockingly bad. If you want something you can just plonk down on a table or bookshelf you want the UAP-FlexHD. Or the UniFi Dream Machine.