With regards to cheaper 0200-0500 rates, does it really make all that much sense to charge the batteries from this lower cost? I'm trying to work out if importing to export is worthwhile given such a small difference between the two prices (<2p)? There's SOC as a variable that I can't quite work into the maths i.e. if the batteries are fully charged by 0230, I'll essentially still be drawing from the grid for 2.5 hours to maintain 100% SOC without any real benefit?
The answer for this is... depends!
For me, yes, without a doubt I should charge the battery 02:00 - 05:00. The answer for this is considering best and worst case scenarios.
Worst case scenario:
What if it's cloudy/rainy and I don't generate much solar that day?
The overnight charge guarantees me some cheaper units to use, and means I am less likely to need the grid at peak.
Best case scenario:
It's really sunny and battery remains full most of the day?
No big deal, any excess units just get exported. I pay £0.20 per kWh to fill the battery, I get £0.24 per exported daytime unit. I am not really better or worse off after considering losses of efficiency from converting AC to DC in the battery, in both cases the battery would get filled.
Essentially it's a zero thinking required, no hassle approach to ensuring a local energy supply is available, and the upsides outweigh the downsides as I see it. That knowledge I will have a minimum commit of available power is worth more than slight efficiency losses in charging the battery.
The only scenario I can think of where this may not be as good, is if your solar clips when the battery is full, I've seen some people report that. I don't have this issue as my inverter is 5kW and can export every kWh I generate without clipping. For people with this scenario it's not going to be as efficient as the excess solar gets lost rather than used.
If you're not getting paid Flux export then of course that is also going to adjust your charge behavior, as you would not get paid for excess, but I am assuming you are not including that in your query.
My ethos with Flux is that I am fully intending to charge the battery, and end the day with a discharged battery, a lot of the time this is 1 charge cycle per day.
02:00 - 05:00 - Charge the battery as much as possible.
15:00 - 16:00 - No specific instruction
16:00 - 19:00 - Discharge the battery to home (optional - Export excess power down to a certain SOC %).
19:00 - 02:00 - No specific instruction
Although having used this for a week or so I am thinking of extending the discharge slot in the evening from 16:00 - 19:00 to 16:00 - 23:00. This will pause any battery charging after 16:00 and send all excess power to to the grid, most of which I aim to do between 16:00 - 19:00 for the peak export rates.