I'm willing to bet it did. In a few tribes, killing a lion in single combat while armed only with a spear was a thing that happened and brought honour to the warrior who did so. The Masai, for example. Of course, trying that was often fatal to the human. It wouldn't have had a high status if it wasn't so dangerous. But it did happen.
Tierzoo is an interesting channel that covers comparative biology of animals within the framework of treating Earth as an MMO game. Here's their video on the question "Are humans OP?" Short answer is "yes", with item crafting and especially spears being part of the reason why. Although the video shows only thrown spears, which is a grave oversight as spears were not usually thrown. Although it correctly states that throwing is a major strength of humans, since our throwing ability far exceeds other animals. Humans can throw harder than gorillas despite the massive difference in strength and with far more accuracy too.
Where humans win in breeding (and only
very recently) is in the survival rate of offspring and lifespan, mainly as the result of knowledge and tool use. As you rightly say, it's not about breeding
quickly. Humans breed relatively slowly. Not just because of the relatively long gestation period and the relatively small litter size that you refer to, but also because of the relatively slow maturation. Some mammals reach breeding age a year after being born. A couple of years is commonplace. Humans are barely capable of walking at that age and can't even survive unaided, let alone breed. No other mammals take ~20 years to fully mature to adulthood. Most other mammals are dead of old age before then. I think humans have the slowest maturation of any animal.