After switching to a 7800X3D which arrived today I can confirm the system works fine again.
Therefore it can be concluded that it's another dead 9800X3D.
My intention is to RMA it once more and I'm considering switching to a B650E board prior to its arrival to rule out any issues with this particular motherboard. Considering the previous 7600X worked fine for 7 weeks in the same configuration and if this 7800X3D also works fine, it's hard to blame the board, however. Two faulty 9800X3Ds in a row though is surely reaching beyond improbable.