A
Abkhazian:
Abkhazia (with Russian according to the Abkhazian constitution,[1] with Georgian according to the Georgian constitution[2])
Afrikaans:
South Africa (with English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)[3]
Albanian:
Albania[4]
Kosovo (with Serbian;[5] independence is disputed)
Amharic:
Ethiopia[6]
Arabic (see also List of countries where Arabic is an official language):
Algeria
Bahrain
Chad (with French)
Comoros (with French and Comorian)
Djibouti (with French)
Egypt
Eritrea (with Tigrinya and English)
Iraq (with Kurdish)[7]
Israel (with Hebrew)
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Libya
Mauritania
Morocco (with Berber)[8]
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Somalia (with Somali)
Sudan (with English)
Syria
Tunisia
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Armenian:
Armenia[9]
Nagorno-Karabakh[10]
Aymara:
Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guarani and other 33 languages)[11]
Peru (with Spanish and Quechua and other languages)[12]
Azerbaijani:
Azerbaijan[13]
[edit] B
Belarusian:
Belarus (with Russian)[14]
Bengali:
Bangladesh[15]
Berber:
Morocco (with Arabic)[8]
Bislama:
Vanuatu[16]
Bosnian:
Bosnia and Herzegovina (with Croatian, Serbian)
Bulgarian:
Bulgaria[17]
Burmese:
Burma (called Myanmar in the constitution)[18]
[edit] C
Catalan:
Andorra[19]
Chinese, Mandarin:
China (using Simplified Han script)
Taiwan (using Traditional Han script; Hokkien is the most spoken language, yet not official)
Singapore (using Simplified Han script; with English, Malay and Tamil)[20]
Chichewa
Malawi
Croatian:
Croatia[21]
Bosnia and Herzegovina (with Bosnian and Serbian)
Czech:
Czech Republic
Slovakia (legislation states that a person using Czech language at a Slovak institution must be treated as if using Slovak language)
[edit] D
Danish:
Denmark Faroe Islands (with Faroese)
Dari:
Afghanistan (a local variant of Persian, but defined as "Dari" in the Afghan constitution)[22]
Dhivehi:
Maldives[23]
Dutch:
Belgium (sole official language in Flanders, with French in Brussels)
The Netherlands (sole official language in every province except Friesland, where West Frisian is co-official and the BES islands, where Papiamento and English are co-official) Aruba (with Papiamento)
Curaçao (with Papiamento)
Sint Maarten (with English)
Suriname
Dzongkha:
Bhutan[24]
[edit] E
English (see also List of countries where English is an official language):
Antigua and Barbuda
Australia (considered de facto as no official language is mentioned in the Australian Constitution, with many other Aboriginal languages)
The Bahamas
Bangladesh (Official, de facto with Bangla which is officially de jure & de facto)
Barbados
Belize
Botswana (but the national language is Tswana)
Cameroon (with French)
Canada (with French)
Dominica
Eritrea (with Tigrinya and Arabic)
Fiji (with Bau Fijian and Hindustani)[25]
The Gambia
Ghana
Grenada (with French Creole)
Guyana
Hong Kong (with Chinese)
India (with 22 other regional languages)
Republic of Ireland ("second official"; with Irish)[26]
Jamaica
Kenya (with Swahili)
Kiribati
Lesotho (with Sotho)
Liberia
Malawi (with Chichewa)
Malaysia (de facto official language; still serve as official and national language with Malay in Sabah and Sarawak)[27]
Malta (with Maltese)
Marshall Islands (with Marshallese)
Mauritius (with French)[28]
Micronesia, Federated States of
Namibia (Afrikaans, German, and Oshiwambo are regional spoken)[29]
Nauru (with Nauruan)
New Zealand (with Māori and New Zealand Sign Language)
Nigeria
Pakistan (with Urdu as the national language)
Palau (with Paluan and Japanese)
Papua New Guinea (with Tok Pisin and Motu)
Philippines (with Filipino)
Rwanda (with French and Kinyarwanda)
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia (with French Creole)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (with French Creole)
Samoa (with Samoan)
Seychelles (with Creole, French)
Sierra Leone
Singapore (with Chinese, Malay, Tamil)[20]
Solomon Islands
South Africa (with Afrikaans, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)[3]
Sri Lanka (with Tamil and Sinhala)
Sudan (with Arabic)
Swaziland (with Swati)
Tanzania (with Swahili)
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tuvalu
Uganda (with Swahili)
United Kingdom (along with Irish, Ulster Scots, Scots, Scottish Gaelic, Cornish and Welsh)
United States of America (considered the de facto national language. It is the sole; however unofficial, language of the federal government. The English Language is the official language of 27 states.)
Vanuatu (with Bislama and French)[16]
Zambia
Zimbabwe (with Shone and Ndebele)
Estonian:
Estonia
[edit] F
Fijian:
Fiji (with English and Hindustani)[25]
Filipino:
Philippines (with English)
Finnish:
Finland (with Swedish)
French (see also List of countries where French is an official language):
Belgium (with Dutch and German)
Benin
Burkina Faso
Burundi (with Rundi)
Cameroon (with English)
Canada (with English)
Central African Republic
Chad (with Arabic)
Comoros (with Arabic and Comorian)
Côte d'Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Djibouti (with Arabic)
Equatorial Guinea (with Spanish and Portuguese)
France French Guiana
French Polynesia
French Loyalty Islands
French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Scattered islands in the Indian Ocean
Guadeloupe
Martinique
Mayotte
New Caledonia
Réunion
Saint Barthélemy
Saint Martin
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Wallis and Futuna
(Adelie Land)
(Clipperton Island)
Gabon
Guinea
Haiti (with Haitian Creole)[30]
Luxembourg (with German and Luxembourgish)
Madagascar (with Malagasy)
Mali
Mauritius (with English)[28]
Monaco
Niger
Republic of the Congo
Rwanda (with English and Kinyarwanda)
Senegal
Seychelles (with English)
Switzerland (with German, Italian, and Rhaeto-Romansch)[31] Geneva
Vaud
Jura
Neuchâtel
Fribourg (with German)
Bern (with German)
Valais (with German)
Togo
Vanuatu (with Bislama and English)[16]
[edit] G
Georgian:
Georgia[2]
South Ossetia (with Ossetian and Russian)[32]
German:
Austria
Belgium (with Dutch and French)
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg (with French and Luxembourgish)
Italy (South Tyrol only)
Switzerland (with French, Italian, and Romansh)[31] 17 of the 26 cantons (monolingually German)
Graubünden (with Italian and Romansh)
Bern (with French)
Fribourg (with French)
Valais (with French)
Greek:
Greece
Cyprus (with Turkish)[33]
Guaraní:
Paraguay (with Spanish)[34]
Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua and other 33 languages)[11]
[edit] H
Haitian Creole:
Haiti (with French)[30]
Hebrew:
Israel (with Arabic)
Hindi:
India ("official language of the Union"; with English; 22 other regional languages)
[35]
Fiji (with English and Bau Fijian; known constitutionally as Hindustani as an umbrella term to cover Urdu, as well as Hindi)[25]
Hiri Motu:
Papua New Guinea (with English and Tok Pisin)
Hungarian:
Hungary[36]
[edit] I
Icelandic:
Iceland
Indonesian:
Indonesia (a standardized dialect of Malay)[37]
Irish:
Republic of Ireland ("national"; with English being "second official")[26]
Italian:
Italy
Switzerland (with German and French)[31] Ticino
Graubünden (with German and Romansh)
San Marino
Vatican City (with Latin)
[edit] J
Japanese:
Japan (de facto)
[edit] K
Kazakh:
Kazakhstan (with Russian)[38]
Khmer:
Cambodia[39]
Kinyarwanda
Rwanda
Kirundi
Burundi
Korean:
North Korea[40]
South Korea
Kurdish:
Iraq (with Arabic)[7]
Kyrgyz:
Kyrgyzstan (with Russian)[41]
[edit] L
Lao:
Laos
Latin:
Vatican City
Latvian:
Latvia
Lithuanian:
Lithuania
Luxembourgish:
Luxembourg (with French and German)
[edit] M
Macedonian:
Republic of Macedonia
Malagasy:
Madagascar (with French)
Malay:
Malaysia
Brunei
Singapore (with English, Chinese and Tamil)[20]
Indonesia (a standardized local dialect of Malay, but treated as the separate language in Indonesia)[37]
Maltese:
Malta (with English)
Manx Gaelic:
Isle of Man (with English)
Māori:
New Zealand (with English and New Zealand Sign Language)
Moldovan
Moldova (identical to Romanian, but defined as Moldovan in the Moldovan constitution)[42]
Transnistria (Cyrillic alphabet is used; with Russian and Ukrainian; independence is disputed)[43]
Mongolian:
Mongolia
Montenegrin:
Montenegro
[edit] N
Ndebele:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)[3]
Zimbabwe (with English and Shona)
Nepali:
Nepal
New Zealand Sign Language:
New Zealand (alongside English and Maori)
Northern Sotho:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)[3]
Norwegian:
Norway (two official written forms - Bokmål and Nynorsk)
[edit] O
Ossetian:
South Ossetia (with Russian and Georgian; independence is disputed)[32]
[edit] P
Papiamento:
Aruba (with Dutch)
Curaçao (with English and Dutch)
Pashtu:
Afghanistan (with Dari in Afghanistan)[22]
Persian:
Iran
Afghanistan (with Pashto and Dari in Afghanistan)[22]
Tajikistan (called Tajiki in Tajikistan)[44]
Polish:
Poland
Portuguese:
Angola
Brazil
Cape Verde
East Timor (with Tetum)
Equatorial Guinea (with Spanish and French)
Guinea-Bissau
Mozambique
Portugal
São Tomé and Príncipe
[edit] Q
Quechua:
Bolivia ((with Spanish, Aymara, Guarani and other 33 languages))[11]
Peru (with Spanish and Aymara)[12]
[edit] R
Romanian:
Romania
Moldova (officially called Moldovan, although identical to Romanian according to the law of Moldova)[42]
Romansh:
Switzerland (with German, French, and Italian)[31] Graubünden (with German and Italian)
Russian:
Russia (in some regions together with regional languages)[45]
Abkhazia (with Abkhaz; independence is disputed)[1]
Belarus (with Belarusian)[14]
Kazakhstan (with Kazakh)[38]
Kyrgyzstan (with Kyrgyz)[41]
South Ossetia (with Ossetian and Georgian; independence is disputed)[32]
Tajikistan ("inter-ethnic communication"; with Tajik)[44]
Transnistria (with Moldovan and Ukrainian; independence is disputed)[43]
[edit] S
Sango
Central African Republic
Serbian:
Serbia
Bosnia and Herzegovina (with Bosnian, Croatian)
Kosovo (independence is disputed; with Albanian)
Seychellois Creole
Seychelles
Shona:
Zimbabwe (with English and Ndebele)
Sinhala:
Sri Lanka (with Tamil, and with English as a link language)
Slovak:
Slovakia
Czech Republic[46]
Slovene:
Slovenia
Somali:
Somalia
Sotho:
Lesotho (with English)
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)[3]
Spanish:
Argentina
Bolivia (with Aymara, Quechua and Guarani)[11]
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador (de facto)
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea (with French and Portuguese)
Guatemala
Honduras
Mexico (de facto)
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay (with Guaraní)[34]
Peru (with Aymara and Quechua)[12]
Spain [47](Aranese, Basque, Catalan, and Galician are co-official in some regions)
Uruguay
Venezuela
Sranan Tongo:
Suriname (with Dutch, English, Hindi an Javanese)
Swahili:
Kenya (with English)
Tanzania (de facto)
Uganda (since 2005; with English)
Swati:
Swaziland (with English)
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)[3]
Swedish:
Sweden
Finland (with Finnish) Åland Islands (monolingually Swedish) (an autonomous province under Finnish sovereignty)
[edit] T
Tajik:
Tajikistan (a variant of Persian written in Cyrillic)[44]
Tagalog:
see Filipino
Tamil:
Singapore (with English, Chinese and Malay)[20]
Sri Lanka (with Sinhala, and with English as a link language)
Tetum:
East Timor (with Portuguese)
Thai:
Thailand
Tigrinya:
Eritrea
Tok Pisin:
Papua New Guinea (with English and Hiri Motu)
Tsonga:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)[3]
Tswana:
Botswana (with English)
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)[3]
Turkish:
Turkey
Cyprus (with Greek)[33]
Turkmen:
Turkmenistan
[edit] U
Ukrainian:
Ukraine
Transnistria (with Moldovan and Russian; independence is disputed)[43]
Urdu:
Pakistan (with English)
Fiji (with English and Bau Fijian; known constitutionally as Hindustani as an umbrella term to cover Urdu, as well as Hindi.)
Uzbek:
Uzbekistan
[edit] V
Venda:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Xhosa, Zulu)[3]
Vietnamese:
Vietnam
Laos (de-facto lingua franca[citation needed])
[edit] X
Xhosa:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Zulu)[3]
Yoruba:
Nigeria
[edit] Z
Zulu:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)[3
