What the hell? Break the seal, investigate for damage but not find any, yet replace a valve... all without a penalty!?
There are certain things they can change in the gearbox without penalty. However, I can see your point. They are sealed for a reason.
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From the F1 Tech Regs
9.5 Gearboxes :
9.5.1 A gearbox is defined as all the parts in the drive line which transfer torque from the engine crankshaft to the drive shafts (the drive shafts being defined as those components which transfer drive torque from the sprung mass to the un-sprung mass). It includes all components whose primary purpose is for the transmission of power or mechanical selection of gears, bearings associated with these components and the casing in which they are housed.
9.5.2 In this context the following parts are not considered part of the gearbox and may be changed without incurring a penalty under the F1 Sporting Regulations. If changing any of these parts involves breaking an FIA applied seal this may be done but must be carried out under FIA supervision :
- The clutch assembly and any shaft connecting the clutch to the crankshaft or first motion shaft of the gearbox, provided this is located prior to any mechanical speed reduction from the engine.
- The clutch actuator and clutch release bearing(s).
- Inboard driveshaft joints and seals but not their housing if that housing is integral with the gearbox output shaft and therefore part of the sprung mass.
- The hydraulic system prior to the point at which it produces direct mechanical movement of the gear selection mechanism by means of hydraulic actuator(s).
- Oil, oil pumps, oil filters, oil seals, oil coolers and any associated hoses or pipes.
- Electrical sensors, actuators, servo valves and wiring.
- Any parts associated with the suspension or functioning of the sprung suspension that are attached to the gearbox casing.
- The rear impact structure provided it can be separated from any gearbox casing.
- Any other component mounted to the casing whose primary purpose is unconnected with the transmission of power or selection of gears.