Jane takes a salary of £9,100 (keeping below the threshold for paying both employer and employee NICs and income tax) and takes a further £30,000 in the form of a dividend. Her total income is now £39,100. She has a tax-free personal allowance of £12,570 in 2019/20, leaving £26,530. Her dividend allowance means the first £2,000 of dividends are tax-free, leaving £24,530 that is taxable.
This £24,530 is taxed at the dividend basic rate of income tax, which is just 8.75 per cent. So Jane’s income tax bill for the year will be £2,146.38.
If Jane had taken the whole £39,100 as salary, then her income tax bill would have been 20 per cent of £26,530 which is £5,306. She would also have to pay over £3,603 in employee NICs.
By taking her income in a combination of a low salary plus dividends, Jane has saved almost £7,000 in that year.
Also note that the company would have to pay employer NICs on her salary, coming in at £4,515. However, this will be offset to some extent by lower corporation tax