Eurozone tensions mount as summit respite fades
Crisis clouds are darkening over the debt-ridden eurozone after last week's EU summit deal afforded only a brief respite and leaders warned of a two-speed Europe.
Ratings agency Moody's was first to turn the screw. It declared the crisis talks had failed to produce "decisive policy measures" and threatened to review the credit ratings of all EU states within the next three months.
Meanwhile, Italy edged through a bond test, but still had to pay an exceptionally high rate to borrow fresh money for only 12 months.
Traders were watching nervously as Italy's commitment to austerity measures was tested by a nationwide strike, and EU and IMF auditors began talks in Greece on the implementation of its debt bailout.
Asian markets nudged upwards on hopes that the deal would draw a line under the crisis but Europe opened down as concerns returned.
Shortly after lunch (local time) London's FTSE 100 index was down 0.46 per cent, Frankfurt's DAX 30 lost 1.46 per cent and in Paris the CAC 40 shed 1.05 per cent.
European leaders had hoped that Friday's agreement to move towards a fiscal pact, seeking to eradicate their public deficits under close EU supervision, would reassure markets nervous about their massive debts being repaid.
But on Monday they were also forced to admit that Britain's decision to stay out of the deal meant there was now a split, two-speed Europe.