Extraction costs are actually falling all the time as technology improves. You'd be surprised at some of the reported total costs for some of the shale oil and gas extraction projects.
They will essentially cap the price of oil as they will simply switch back on again if the price is high enough.
If demand swings are severe enough then there is a potential for a short term squeeze. However, no body is projecting the long term oil price to be above $100 a barrel for quite some time. Similarly you can have the opposite of a squeeze where supply increases further.
If it wasn't for OPEC, then the long term cost of oil would be even lower. OPEC prevents member countries from lowering the price by giving them quotas. It is in the short term interest of countries to sell an extra barrel of oil and make a large margin on that barrel (as extraction costs for OPEC members are so low), however the cartel is relatively well disciplined.
Some are actually predicting the fall of OPEC in which case you would see a rise in supply above the combined 30m quota and prices come crashing down closer to the marginal cost of extraction.
They will essentially cap the price of oil as they will simply switch back on again if the price is high enough.
If demand swings are severe enough then there is a potential for a short term squeeze. However, no body is projecting the long term oil price to be above $100 a barrel for quite some time. Similarly you can have the opposite of a squeeze where supply increases further.
If it wasn't for OPEC, then the long term cost of oil would be even lower. OPEC prevents member countries from lowering the price by giving them quotas. It is in the short term interest of countries to sell an extra barrel of oil and make a large margin on that barrel (as extraction costs for OPEC members are so low), however the cartel is relatively well disciplined.
Some are actually predicting the fall of OPEC in which case you would see a rise in supply above the combined 30m quota and prices come crashing down closer to the marginal cost of extraction.