Air quality will depend on weather also, especially wind speed and direction. I'm pretty sure there's more to it than walking around with a meter one day.
Yup.
All the reliable information from studies is done using sensors that are in place 24/7 and checked on a regular basis.
IIRC London can go from "fairly ok" to "dreadful" very quickly if there isn't enough wind blowing from the right direction, and it can vary massively on location as you get differing "dead spots" for air movement under different conditions, and different times of day (early morning on a breezy day is going to be far better than midday on hot still day).
Walking around with a portable sensor for a day doesn't even give you a day's worth of data for any location, it gives you a few minutes of data on one day for multiple locations and that is scientifically useless unless you repeat that same route at the same time day after day and even then it only allows for a daily snapshot of each location.
From memory Oxford Street (or is it one of the other major shopping streets?) can have air quality that is on a par with Beijing on a bad day, largely because of the layout of the buildings and the geography of the local area meaning that if there is a high pressure area and low wind/wind blows from a certain direction it acts as a trap for pollutants, but at other times the air quality can be good to very good, so if you go on two different days you can get two entirely different results for the air quality.
Walking around with an air monitor and saying "yeah it's not that bad" is no better than going to say a Tube Station on a windy day at 6am and saying "yeah the air down here isn't bad" when there have been no trains and barely any humans for 6 hours, vs going down there at 9am on a still day when it's heaving with people.
Having said all that, I've been reading posts by people with air monitors going on aircraft, and that's frightening when you realise the CO2 levels on an aircraft that has been sat waiting for an hour with the doors closed and the ventilation turned down to save money is hitting "mental impairment" levels (IIRC hitting 4000 parts per million, 500-600 is normally considered high when outside and around 1500 is known to start causing cognitive issues).