During
World War II, the
Wehrmacht lacked necessary supplies, such as winter uniforms, due to the many delays in the German army's movements. At the same time,
Hitler's plans for
Operation Barbarossa actually miscarried before the onset of severe winter weather: neither Hitler nor the General Staff anticipated a long campaign lasting into the winter, and therefore adequate preparations, such as the distribution of warm clothing and
winterization of vehicles and lubricants, were not made.
[8] In fact his eastern army suffered more than 734,000 casualties (about 23% of its average strength of 3,200,000) during the first five months of the invasion before the winter started.
[2] On 27 November 1941,
Eduard Wagner, the
Quartermaster General of the German Army, reported that "We are at the end of our resources in both personnel and material. We are about to be confronted with the dangers of deep winter."
[2] Also of note is the fact that the unusually early winter of 1941 cut short the
rasputitsa season, improving logistics in early November, with the weather still being only mildly cold.
[2]