Let's examine your suggestion that some of intel's cpu's cost 'double' what they should.
Intels 2015 figures for the Client Computing Group which is the unit that deals with cpu sales for desktops laptops and phones....
$32.2 billion revenue out if a total intel revenue of $55.4 billion. Total net income for all of the business was $11.4 billion
http://www.intc.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=950391
So intel's revenue (not profit) in 2015 were just over 58% due to CPU sales.
Assume more profit is due to the cpu sales than other business so let's say 75% net profit is from cpu sales rather than a proportinal 58%
Thats $8.55 billion net profit on sales of $32.2 billion which is around 26.5% net profit as a proportion of my generous assumption for profit accounted for by intel cpu's. So you could say from my example the average intel cpu has a circa 25% profit component for intel in its pre tax price (note UK vat is 20%).
So your claim that intel sell cpu's at double cost price looks a bit unlikely (especially in the uk where 20% of the retail coat is due to vat alone and not down to intel) if their average profit margin on the average cpu was circa 25% not closer to well over 100% which would be the situation if intel were selling their cpu's at 'double the price they should be'
You will note that intel spent a not inconsiderable $20.1 billion on r+d and aquisitions in the same period.
The claim that intel have been sitting around doing nothing for years whilst massively overcharging customers is a myth. People on this forum are just too myopic to realise that most of the advancement's in the last 10 years have been in a far more relevant area.... power consumption
This is due to cpu frequencies stalling at around 4Ghz with silicon and increasing core counts quickly showing diminishing returns in most applications.
Simply put the big increases on cpu speeds with silicon cpu's have most likely already been obtained and its pure physics that has left the market leader (intel) only being able to offer small incremental increases in recent years