Nato countries are walking a dizzying tightrope at this summit.
All the leaders here sympathise with Ukraine’s demand for a firm timetable for Nato membership. They understand Zelensky’s deep desire to be shielded by the alliance’s all-for-one-and-one-for-all mutual defence clause - but the debate is a complex one here.
If Ukraine was admitted into Nato during a ceasefire with Russia – would that ceasefire hold?
If not, would France, Germany, the UK and other Nato nations willingly put their soldiers’ lives on the line in Ukraine, coming into direct conflict with nuclear power Russia, with the risk of the war escalating? This is something Nato has desperately tried to avoid from the start.
Some Nato countries also worry aloud if Russia knows a ceasefire with Ukraine will definitely mean Kyiv being admitted into Nato, Moscow could be tempted to prolong its aggression even further. Nato diplomats agonised over the wording of a text on Ukraine membership in the lead-up to the summit, hoping to sound inviting and confident but not specific on timing.
It will come as no surprise if that doesn’t change during the summit, Ukraine will be disappointed and – with Moscow watching events closely – the alliance risks damaging that firm show of Western unity it so wants to present to Vladimir Putin.